Ars Asks: Share your shell and show us your tricked-out terminals!

Ars Asks: Share your shell and show us your tricked-out terminals!

fivenewscrypto    mai 07, 2026   

I spend more time today than ever before interacting with terminal windows, which is something I don't think Past Me would have believed in the early '90s. Back then, poor MS-DOS was the staid whipping boy of the industry, and at least on the consumer side, graphical environments like Windows (and maybe even odder creatures like AmigaOS) seemed poised to stamp the command line into oblivion, leaving text interfaces behind as we all blasted into the ooey-GUI future.

As it turns out, though, the command line is still the best tool for some jobs—many jobs, in fact. I read a wise post some years ago (probably on Slashdot) arguing that a mouse-driven point-and-click interface essentially reduces the user to pointing at something on the screen and grunting, "DO! DO THAT!" at the computer. (The rise of right-click context menus adds the ability for the user to also grunt "MORE THINGS!" but doesn't otherwise add vocabulary.)

The command line, by contrast, gives the user the opportunity to precisely tell the computer what they want done, using words instead of one or two gestalts that the computer must interpret based on context.

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More than just an SUV? Rivian is working on more R2 variants.

More than just an SUV? Rivian is working on more R2 variants.

fivenewscrypto    mai 07, 2026   

We don't have too much longer to wait for Rivian's hotly anticipated R2 electric SUV. After cutting its teeth with the ground-breaking R1T electric pickup truck, plus the three-row SUV version (the R1S) and all those Amazon delivery vans, its next step is something smaller and more affordable—launch models of the midsize R2 are competitively priced against rivals like the BMW iX3, and next year if all goes to plan, Rivian will add a $45,000 R2 with a smaller battery.

But according to Rivian CEO RJ Scaringe, who was interviewed by Reuters, there's more R2 in the works. "So clearly there could be an R2X," Scaringe told Reuters. "There's ⁠going to be combinations... I want to be careful not to announce the program," he said. Scaringe also told the news organization that Rivian was considering making its own lidar sensors, in collaboration with a Chinese company.

Initial R2s are being built at Rivian's factory in Normal, Illinois. But the R2, together with an even smaller R3 (and R3X) that will follow it, will also be built at Rivian's new factory in Georgia. That plant is due to come online in 2028, funded in part by a $4.5 billion loan from the Department of Energy, which Rivian will begin to access next year.

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Research roundup: 6 cool science stories we almost missed

Research roundup: 6 cool science stories we almost missed

fivenewscrypto    mai 04, 2026   

It’s a regrettable reality that there is never enough time to cover all the interesting scientific stories we come across. So every month, we highlight a handful of the best stories that nearly slipped through the cracks. April’s list includes tracking Roman ship repairs, the discovery that mushrooms can detect human urine, crushing soda cans for science, and the physics of why dolphins can swim so fast.

Physics of why dolphins swim so fast

Dolphins are very good swimmers, but the exact mechanisms by which they achieve their impressive speed and agility in water have remained murky. Japanese scientists from the University of Osaka ran multiple supercomputer simulations to learn more about how dolphins optimize their propulsion and found it has to do with the vortices, or eddies, produced by dolphin kicks, according to a paper published in the journal Physical Review Fluids.

Per the authors, when dolphins flap their tails up and down, the kicking motion pushes water backward and produces swirling currents of varying sizes. The computer simulations enabled the team to break down those different sizes, revealing that the initial tail oscillations produce large vortex rings that generate thrust, and those larger ones then produce many more smaller vortices. However, the smaller ones don't contribute to the forward motion.

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Infrasound waves stop kitchen fires, but can they replace sprinklers?

Infrasound waves stop kitchen fires, but can they replace sprinklers?

fivenewscrypto    mai 04, 2026   

In a makeshift demonstration kitchen in Concord, California, cooking oil splatters in and around a frying pan, which catches fire on an unattended gas stove. Within moments, a smoke detector wails. But in this demonstration, something less common happens: An AI-driven sensor activates and wall emitters blast infrasound waves toward the source of the fire in an attempt to put it out.

The science of acoustic fire suppression, which has long been known and documented in scientific literature and the press, works by vibrating oxygen molecules away from a fuel source, depriving the fire of a critical component needed for combustion.

Indeed, after just a few seconds of infrasound, the tiny kitchen blaze goes out.

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Study: AI models that consider users' feelings are more likely to make errors

Study: AI models that consider users' feelings are more likely to make errors

fivenewscrypto    mai 04, 2026   

In human-to-human communication, the desire to be empathetic or polite often conflicts with the need to be truthful—hence terms like “being brutally honest” for situations where you value the truth over sparing someone’s feelings. Now, new research suggests that large language models can sometimes show a similar tendency when specifically trained to present a "warmer" tone for the user.

In a new paper published this week in Nature, researchers from Oxford University’s Internet Institute found that specially tuned AI models tend to mimic the human tendency to occasionally “soften difficult truths” when necessary “to preserve bonds and avoid conflict.” These warmer models are also more likely to validate a user's expressed incorrect beliefs, the researchers found, especially when the user shares that they're feeling sad.

How do you make an AI seem “warm”?

In the study, the researchers defined the "warmness" of a language model based on "the degree to which its outputs lead users to infer positive intent, signaling trustworthiness, friendliness, and sociability." To measure the effect of those kinds of language patterns, the researchers used supervised fine-tuning techniques to modify four open-weights models (Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct, Mistral-Small-Instruct-2409, Qwen-2.5-32B-Instruct, Llama-3.1-70B-Instruct), and one proprietary model (GPT-4o).

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The RAMpocalypse has bought Microsoft valuable time in the fight against SteamOS

The RAMpocalypse has bought Microsoft valuable time in the fight against SteamOS

fivenewscrypto    mai 04, 2026   

Valve and its SteamOS operating system have already done what a bunch of companies (including Apple) have been trying to do for decades: make a dent in Windows’ dominance in PC gaming.

I mean, sure, according to Valve’s own statistics, Microsoft remains dominant. Over 92 percent of PCs in the Steam Hardware Survey run some version of Windows. But five years ago, this number was just over 96 percent. Ten years ago, it was just under 96 percent. Fifteen years ago? It was 96 percent. Go back any further than that and Steam only runs on Windows in the first place, itself a testament to Microsoft's ubiquity.

Between April 2021 and now, Linux’s share has climbed from under 1 percent to over 5 percent. This is a small number, and it's not all SteamOS (Valve's OS isn't broken out, but Arch, the base distribution for SteamOS, accounts for about 0.33 of that just-over-5-percent). But it’s also more than these numbers have ever moved. By making Windows games run on Linux, rather than trying to push game developers to make Linux-native ports, Valve has done via organic word-of-mouth success what the company utterly failed to do in the early 2010s when it tried to take on Windows directly.

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Man dies covered in necrotic lesions after amoebas eat him alive

Man dies covered in necrotic lesions after amoebas eat him alive

fivenewscrypto    mai 04, 2026   

Over the course of six months, black lesions and deep ulcers formed over the body of a 78-year-old man, puzzling doctors. His face was covered in dark scabs. A lesion had destroyed his left eyelid, and one had created a hole between the roof of his mouth and his nasal cavity.

It wasn't until he was transferred to a Yale School of Medicine hospital for higher-level care that doctors finally identified the cause of his ghastly affliction: a common free-living amoeba that can be found almost anywhere, including tap water. But by then, it was too late. The man's case is reported in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases. (A graphic image of his case is here, but be warned.)

Unicellular terror

The amoeba the doctors found was Acanthamoeba, which is known to cause such horrifying infections. But it's rare, and when it explodes into a full-body, often deadly malady, it tends to be in patients who have compromised immune systems or are otherwise debilitated. As such, the opportunistic pathogen is most often found in people with HIV/AIDS, cancers, and diabetes, as well as those on powerful immunosuppressive drugs, like transplant patients. The man didn't fit into any of these categories.

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